Chapter 5 Contemporary South Asia

1. What does the expression South Asia include?
Ans. The expression South Asia usually includes the following countries: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Afghanistan and Myanmar are often included in the discussions of the region as a whole. But China is not considered to be a part of the region.
2. In which year was Bangladesh created?
Ans. 1971.Before that it was known as east Pakistan.
3. Name the leader of East Pakistan who led the popular struggle against west Pakistani domination?
Ans. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.
4.Who led the movement for democracy in Nepal?
Ans. The SPA. the. Seven Party  Alliance.,the Maoists and social activists.
5.Name the two conflicting ethnic groups of Sri Lanka,
Ans.Sinhala and Sri Lankan tamils.
6.What is the full form of LTTE?
Ans. Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.
7.When was IPKF Indian Peace Keeping Force was pulled out of Sri Lanka?
Ans. In the year 1989.
8.What is the full form of SAARC?
Ans. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation. It was set up in 1985.
9.What is SAFTA?
Ans. it is South Asian Free Trade Agreement. It promised the formation of free trade zone in the whole of South Asia.
10.When was SAFTA signed?
Ans. It was signed in the year 2004 and it came into effect in 2006.
11. When did India and Pakistan sign the Indus waters Treaty?
Ans. In 1960, with the help of the world Bank both the countries signed this Treaty..This Treaty is regarding the sharing of water of river Indus.
12. What was the result of 1947-48 India -Pakistan war?
Ans. It resulted in the division of the province into Pakistan occupied Kashmir and the Indian province of Jammu and Kashmir divided by the Line of Control.
13. Who removed the elected government of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in Pakistan?
Ans. It was removed by General Zia -Ul -Haq in 1977.
14. When was multi party system introduced in Maldives?
Ans. In June 2005.
15.When was democracy restored in Nepal?
Ans. In 2006 a successful popular uprising led to the restoration of democracy and reduced the power of the king in Nepal.
16. Why did the people of of East Pakistan started the protest against the west Pakistan?
Ans.The people of East Pakistan resented the domination of West Pakistan and the imposition of the urdu language. They also protested against the unfair treatment meted out to the Bengali culture and language.
17.In which year was representative democracy based on multi party system introduced in Bangladesh.
Ans. In the year 1991.
18. How many countries are members of SAARC?
Ans.The SAARC was founded in 1985 with seven members, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Afghanistan joined as the eighth member in April 2007.
19.When did the Kargil war take place?
Ans. In June -July 1999. between India and Pakistan
20.What was Tashkent agreement?
Ans. It was an agreement signed between India and Pakistan in 1966

Chapter 4 Alternative Centers of Power

1. What was Marshall plan?
Ans. The massive financial help extended by America for reviving Europe's economy came to known as the Marshall plan
2. When was European Union created?
Ans. In 1992.
3.What is ASEAN? Who are the members?
Ans. It is Association of South East Asian Nations. It was established in 1967 by five countries of the region namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Phillipines, Singapore and Thailand. -by signing the Bangkok Declaration. Now the strength of ASEAN is ten.Brunei Darussalam, Vietnam, Lao PDR,Myanmar and Cambodia are also its members.
4.What is ASEAN way?
Ans. A form of interaction that is informal, non -confrontationist and cooperative.
5. Name the three pillars of ASEAN.
Ans. In 2003, the ASEAN established three pillars viz.the ASEAN economic community, ASEAN security community and ASEAN socio-cultural community.
6. When and why was ARF - ASEAN regional forum set up?
Ans. It was set up in 1994.It is an organization that carries out coordination of security and foreign policy.
7..What is Vision 2020?
Ans. ASEAN has defines its vision 2020 as a) An outward looking role for ASEAN in the international community b)A policy of encouraging negotiations over conflicts in the region c) Mediatory role of ASEAN eg.It has mediated the end of Cambodian conflict,the East Timor crisis.
8..When did China end its political and economic isolation?
Ans. In 1972 when china established its relation with USA.
9.Which Chinese leader proposed four modernisations?
Ans. The Chinese premier Zhou Enlai propsed four modernisations ie.agriculture, industry science and technology.
10. When was open door policy announced in China?
Ans. In 1978 by Deng xiaoping announced the open door policy and economic reforms in China.
11. Did China adopt shock therapy like Soviet Union?
Ans. No.It opened its economy step by step.The agriculture was privatised in 1982, industry was privatised in 1998.
12. When did China attack India?
Ans. In the year 1962.
13. Name the organisation set up under Marshall plan.
Ans.OEEC  Organisation for European Economic cooperation in 1948.
14. Name the currency of European Union.
Ans. Euro.. It can pose a threat to the dominance of the US dollar
15.How many countries are members in European Union.
Ans. There are 28 members. But in 2016 United Kingdom announced its exit from European Union.
16.Name the Treaty under which European Union was created.
Ans. The Treaty of Maastricht.
17.What does the ASEAN flag represent?
Ans. It represents ten stalks of paddy (rice) representing the ten southeast Asian countries. These countries are bound together in friendship and solidarity.
18. What does the stars in European Union flag stand for?
Ans.The circle of gold stars stand for solidarity and harmony between the peoples of Europe.
19.How many stars are there in the flag of European Union?
Ans. Twelve. The number twelve is traditionally the symbol of perfection, completeness and unity.
20. Which country has become the most important destination for FDI in the world?
Ans. China