CHAPTER 3: US HEGEMONY IN WORLD POLITICS.

1.When did the US HEGEMONY begin? What does hegemony mean ?

Ans. The US. hegemony began in 1991, after the collapse of USSR.Hegemony means leadership or predominant influence exercised by one nation over others. American hegemony is in the form of cultural, military, economic and political domination.

2. When did Iraq invaded Kuwait? 

Ans. In August 1990.

3.What is known as the first Gulf War? 

Ans. When a massive coalition forces of 6 lakh 60 thousand troops from 34 countries fought against Iraq and defeated it.This came to be known as the first Gulf War.

4. Who was the American president during the first Gulf War? 

Ans.  George Herbert Walker Bush.(George H.W.Bush) 

5. What was operation Desert Storm? 

Ans. The UN operation againt Iraq during the first Gulf War. 

6. Who was the President of Iraq at that time? 

Ans.Saddam Hussein. 

7 What were the major highlights of the first Gulf War? 

Ans. - The war revealed a vast technological gap between the American military capabilities and that of other states. 

     -  It was a computer war

     - Due to widespread television coverage it was a video game war as well.

8.Who succeeded George H.W. Bush as the president of USA?

Ans. Bill Clinton of Democratic party in 1992.

9.For how long did Bill Clinton ruled USA.?

Ans. He was the President of America from 1992 to 2000. For tenure of 8 years ie.two terms.

10. What is operation Infinite Reach?

Ans. Operation Infinite Reach is a series of cruise missile strikes on Al-Qaeda terrorist targets in Sudan and Afghanistan. It was ordered by Clinton without any regard to any provision of international law or UN.

11.Why is the date 9/11 significant in the Contemporary world? 

Ans. On 11 September 2001, the state of America faced the biggest terrorist attacks in the world. 

12.Who was the President of  USA.during this attack? 

Ans. George. W.Bush, son of eariier president George. H.W.Bush.

13.After the terror strike of 2001, as a part of its global war on Terror, name the operation launched by America. 

Ans. Operation Enduring Freedom. 

14. What is Operation Enduring Freedom? 

Ans. It is against all those suspected to be behind the 9/11 attack, mainly Al -Qaeda and the Taliban regime in Afghanistan. 

15.Where did the US keep the persons who were arrested for being a supect in this attack? 

Ans. The arrested persons were detained in a secret prison at Guantanamo Bay,a naval base in Cuba.

16. What is known as Operation Iraqi Freedom? 

Ans. It is the codename given to the US invasion of Iraq on 19 March 2003.

17.What was the main reason for American invasion of Iraq in 2003?

Ans.To prevent Iraq from developing WMD ( weapons of mass destruction). 

18.What is US.share of world economy? 

Ans. 28 percent. 

19. Which system still constitutes the basic structure of the world economy. 

Ans. Bretton Woods system. 

20. Name the three most powerful and influential economic organizations that are the products of American hegemony. 

Ans. World Bank, International Monetary Fund and World Trade Organization. 

21 Where in the world was the first business school set up?

Ans. Wharton school at the University of Pennsylvania in 1881.The first MBA.courses were started in 1900.

22.What is America's share in world Trade?

Ans. 15%

23. Explain Us.hegemony as 'soft power'

Ans. American culture is the most seductive and powerful culture on earth. This attribute is called the soft power, the ability to persuade rather than coerce.