1. Why 1960s were labelled a dangerous decade ?
Ans. When unresolved problems like poverty, inequality ,communal and regional divisions etc.could lead to disintegration of the country.
2. Who became the Prime Minister of India after the death of Jawaharlal Nehru ?
Ans. Lal Bahadur Shastri.. He was the Prime Minister from 1964-1966.
3.Name the famous slogan given by Shastri.
Ans. Jai Jawan Jai Kisan.
4. When was Tashkent Agreement signed?
Ans. It was signed in 1966 between Muhammad Ayub Khan and Lal Bahadur Shastri.
5. Name the two persons who contested for the post of prime minister after the death of Lal Bahadur Shastri.
Ans There was an intense competition between Morarji Desai and Indira Gandhi. This competition was resolved through a secret ballot among Congress MP.s
6. In which year did the fourth general / Lok sabha elections take place ?
Ans. 1967.
7. What is non - congressism?
Ans. The parties that opposed the Congress ideology and programmes got together to form anti Congress front. The socialist leader Ram Manohar Lohia gave this strategy the name of ' non- congressism '.
8. Why did the political observers described the election results of 1967 as ' political earthquake '?
Ans. Though the Congress did manage to get a majority in the Lok Sabha , but with its lowest tally of seats and share of votes since 1952.
9. Name some of the political stalwarts who were defeated in the election of 1967.
Ans. S.K.Patil, Kamraj, Atulya Ghosh, K.B.Sahay etc.
10. What is a coalition government ?
Ans. When no single party gets a majority, then two or more parties come together to form the government. Such government is called coalition government.
11.An important feature of the politics after 1967 was Defection. What do you understand by Defection?
Ans. It means an elected representative leaves the party on whose symbol he/ she was elected and joins another party.
12.Who were syndicates?
Ans. Syndicate was the informal name given to a group of Congress leaders who were in control of party' s organisation. It was led by K.Kamraj.
13. Who won the Presidential election of 1969?
Ans. V.V.Giri,, supported by Indira Gandhi.
14. When did Congress formally split?
Ans. In 1969. The Congress group led by Syndicate came to be known as Congress (Organisation) and the group led by Indira Gandhi came to be called as Congress (Requisitionists). These two parties were also described as Old Congress and the New Congress.
15. Why did the fifth general election take place in 1971?
Ans. Indira Gandhi 's government recommended dissolution of Lok Sabha in December 1970. That is why the fifth general election took place in 1971 instead of 1972.
16. Who were he main opponents of Indira Gandhi in the fifth Lok sabha election of 1971?
Ans. Grand Alliance
17.What were the slogans on which the 1971 election was contested?
Ans. Indira Gandhi tried to gather support through the slogan 'Garibi Hatao' and the Grand Alliance wanted 'Indira Hatao '.
18. What was the outcome of the fifth general election of 1971 ?
Ans. The Congress won with 352 seats and 48.4 percent votes.Thus the dominant position of the Congress was restored in Indian politics.
19.Who was the President of the Congress during the presidential election of 1969?
Ans. S. Nijalingappa.
20.What was the nature of new Congress?
Ans. Indira Gandhi restored the Congress System by changing the nature of the Congress System itself. The new Congress did not have the kind of capacity to absorb all tensions and conflicts that the Congress System was known for.
Ans. When unresolved problems like poverty, inequality ,communal and regional divisions etc.could lead to disintegration of the country.
2. Who became the Prime Minister of India after the death of Jawaharlal Nehru ?
Ans. Lal Bahadur Shastri.. He was the Prime Minister from 1964-1966.
3.Name the famous slogan given by Shastri.
Ans. Jai Jawan Jai Kisan.
4. When was Tashkent Agreement signed?
Ans. It was signed in 1966 between Muhammad Ayub Khan and Lal Bahadur Shastri.
5. Name the two persons who contested for the post of prime minister after the death of Lal Bahadur Shastri.
Ans There was an intense competition between Morarji Desai and Indira Gandhi. This competition was resolved through a secret ballot among Congress MP.s
6. In which year did the fourth general / Lok sabha elections take place ?
Ans. 1967.
7. What is non - congressism?
Ans. The parties that opposed the Congress ideology and programmes got together to form anti Congress front. The socialist leader Ram Manohar Lohia gave this strategy the name of ' non- congressism '.
8. Why did the political observers described the election results of 1967 as ' political earthquake '?
Ans. Though the Congress did manage to get a majority in the Lok Sabha , but with its lowest tally of seats and share of votes since 1952.
9. Name some of the political stalwarts who were defeated in the election of 1967.
Ans. S.K.Patil, Kamraj, Atulya Ghosh, K.B.Sahay etc.
10. What is a coalition government ?
Ans. When no single party gets a majority, then two or more parties come together to form the government. Such government is called coalition government.
11.An important feature of the politics after 1967 was Defection. What do you understand by Defection?
Ans. It means an elected representative leaves the party on whose symbol he/ she was elected and joins another party.
12.Who were syndicates?
Ans. Syndicate was the informal name given to a group of Congress leaders who were in control of party' s organisation. It was led by K.Kamraj.
13. Who won the Presidential election of 1969?
Ans. V.V.Giri,, supported by Indira Gandhi.
14. When did Congress formally split?
Ans. In 1969. The Congress group led by Syndicate came to be known as Congress (Organisation) and the group led by Indira Gandhi came to be called as Congress (Requisitionists). These two parties were also described as Old Congress and the New Congress.
15. Why did the fifth general election take place in 1971?
Ans. Indira Gandhi 's government recommended dissolution of Lok Sabha in December 1970. That is why the fifth general election took place in 1971 instead of 1972.
16. Who were he main opponents of Indira Gandhi in the fifth Lok sabha election of 1971?
Ans. Grand Alliance
17.What were the slogans on which the 1971 election was contested?
Ans. Indira Gandhi tried to gather support through the slogan 'Garibi Hatao' and the Grand Alliance wanted 'Indira Hatao '.
18. What was the outcome of the fifth general election of 1971 ?
Ans. The Congress won with 352 seats and 48.4 percent votes.Thus the dominant position of the Congress was restored in Indian politics.
19.Who was the President of the Congress during the presidential election of 1969?
Ans. S. Nijalingappa.
20.What was the nature of new Congress?
Ans. Indira Gandhi restored the Congress System by changing the nature of the Congress System itself. The new Congress did not have the kind of capacity to absorb all tensions and conflicts that the Congress System was known for.
Notes are simple and important.
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