1. Why did the non Congress parties oppose the Congress?
Ans. The parties opposed to the Congress felt that politics was becoming too personalised and governmental authority was being converted into personal authority.
2. Who led the students movement in Gujarat in 1974?
Ans. Morarji Desai.
3. Who led the students movement in Bihar in 1974?
Ans. Jayaprakash Narayan.
4. Who led the Railway strike of 1974 ?
Ans. George Fernandes.
5. What was the decision of the Supreme Court in the case of Kesavananda Bharati ?
Ans. There are some basic features of the consttitution and the Parliament cannot amend these features.
6 In 1973 ,whose appointment as a Chief Justice became controversial ?
Ans. Justice A.N.Ray.
7. Why was Indira Gandhi 's election declared invalid?
Ans. A petition filed by Raj Narain, a socialist leader challenged the election of Indira Gandhi on the ground that she had used the services of government servants in her election campaign.
8.When was emergency declared in the country ?
Ans. 25 June 1975.
9. What are the implications of emergency under Article 352?
Ans. Once the emergency is proclaimed, the federal structure of the country remains suspended and all powers are concentrated in the hands of the Union government.
The fundamental rights of the citizens are curtailed or restricted during emergency .
10.Who was the President of India at the time of imposition of emergency ?
Ans. Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed.
11. Was the cabinet approval taken for imposition of emergency ?
Ans. No.The cabinet was informed about it at a special meeting at 6 a.m.on 26 June after the emergency was imposed.
12.When did the sixth Lok sabha elections take place?
Ans In 1977. Instead of 1976, as the elections were postponed due to emergency.
13. What was the nature of 1977 elections?
Ans. The 1977 elections turned into a referendum on the experience of the emergency. The opposition fought election on the slogan of 'save democracy '.
14. What was the outcome of 1977 elections?
Ans. For the first time a non - congress government was formed at the centre. The Janata Party came to power.
15.What kind of government was formed by Janata Party?
Ans. It was a coalition government, Morarji Desai became the Prime Minister.
16. Did the Janata government complete its full term?
Ans. No. Due to internal competition the Janata Party split and the government could not complete its full term. The mid term elections were held in 1980.
17. What was the outcome of the election of 1980?
Ans. The Congress party led by Indira Gandhi repeated the great victory of 1971.
18 When and why was Shah Commission appointed?
Ans. In May 1977, the Janata Party government appointed a commission of inquiry headed by justice J.C.Shah to inquire into the excesses and malpractices committed during emergency .
19. Whose alleged interference in the functioning of the government became controversial?
Ans. Sanjay Gandhi, younger son of Indira Gandhi gained control over the administration. His role in the demolitions and forced sterilisation in Delhi became controversial.
20. Which political party backed the Congress during emergency?
Ans. Communist party of India.
Ans. The parties opposed to the Congress felt that politics was becoming too personalised and governmental authority was being converted into personal authority.
2. Who led the students movement in Gujarat in 1974?
Ans. Morarji Desai.
3. Who led the students movement in Bihar in 1974?
Ans. Jayaprakash Narayan.
4. Who led the Railway strike of 1974 ?
Ans. George Fernandes.
5. What was the decision of the Supreme Court in the case of Kesavananda Bharati ?
Ans. There are some basic features of the consttitution and the Parliament cannot amend these features.
6 In 1973 ,whose appointment as a Chief Justice became controversial ?
Ans. Justice A.N.Ray.
7. Why was Indira Gandhi 's election declared invalid?
Ans. A petition filed by Raj Narain, a socialist leader challenged the election of Indira Gandhi on the ground that she had used the services of government servants in her election campaign.
8.When was emergency declared in the country ?
Ans. 25 June 1975.
9. What are the implications of emergency under Article 352?
Ans. Once the emergency is proclaimed, the federal structure of the country remains suspended and all powers are concentrated in the hands of the Union government.
The fundamental rights of the citizens are curtailed or restricted during emergency .
10.Who was the President of India at the time of imposition of emergency ?
Ans. Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed.
11. Was the cabinet approval taken for imposition of emergency ?
Ans. No.The cabinet was informed about it at a special meeting at 6 a.m.on 26 June after the emergency was imposed.
12.When did the sixth Lok sabha elections take place?
Ans In 1977. Instead of 1976, as the elections were postponed due to emergency.
13. What was the nature of 1977 elections?
Ans. The 1977 elections turned into a referendum on the experience of the emergency. The opposition fought election on the slogan of 'save democracy '.
14. What was the outcome of 1977 elections?
Ans. For the first time a non - congress government was formed at the centre. The Janata Party came to power.
15.What kind of government was formed by Janata Party?
Ans. It was a coalition government, Morarji Desai became the Prime Minister.
16. Did the Janata government complete its full term?
Ans. No. Due to internal competition the Janata Party split and the government could not complete its full term. The mid term elections were held in 1980.
17. What was the outcome of the election of 1980?
Ans. The Congress party led by Indira Gandhi repeated the great victory of 1971.
18 When and why was Shah Commission appointed?
Ans. In May 1977, the Janata Party government appointed a commission of inquiry headed by justice J.C.Shah to inquire into the excesses and malpractices committed during emergency .
19. Whose alleged interference in the functioning of the government became controversial?
Ans. Sanjay Gandhi, younger son of Indira Gandhi gained control over the administration. His role in the demolitions and forced sterilisation in Delhi became controversial.
20. Which political party backed the Congress during emergency?
Ans. Communist party of India.
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